I made this Thug Life version of Vernon Lee or Violet Paget wearing pixel sunglasses because I personally wouldn’t want to argue against her
I happened across a mention of Vernon Lee while reading about someone else: John Singer Sargent. Like a dazzling secondary character in a book with a singular focus character, Vernon Lee, or Violet Paget, sometimes attracted the limelight of my eye a bit more than Sargent. She was more mysterious, somewhat forgotten, and pretty alluring to me for that reason.
To better understand Sargent, I googled Vernon Lee a couple times and didn’t get too far. There’s not a lot of information out there about her. Still, something about the name Vernon Lee seemed vaguely familiar to me, even as I faced down mostly short and empty google results. Had I heard the name “Vernon Lee” in grad school? I couldn’t remember, so I chalked it up to how the name sounds uniquely American and Of It’s Time, aligned phonetically in my head with Harper Lee and Mount Vernon.
Vernon Lee is the pen name of Violet Paget, an art and travel writer of the Victorian age. She wrote stories about the uncanny or horror stories, as well as essays about art, culture. Like how John Singer Sargent was an American born in Italy, Vernon Lee was British and born in France. As a young teenager in Rome, she met the young Sargent, and the two of them hung out every now and then. I couldn’t help but imagine the buttoned-down, straight-shooter artist type hanging out with the punk goth girl. She tried to get him into Mozart (want to listen to my mix tape?) and Sargent wasn’t too interested. With the hindsight of the future, I can see them hanging out and being lifelong friends pretty easily. Sargent never married and seemingly never even dated too seriously - his romantic life has been quite speculated upon, but remains a mystery. Violet Paget was decidedly queer, in a way that was as outspoken as was condoned at the time. They remained good friends throughout life. They both got into some art fights, but seemingly not with each other or not seriously.
I certainly haven’t seen all of Vernon Lee yet, but I wanted to blog about her before finishing all of her work, which I want to take my time with. As of this writing, I’ve read The Virgin of the Seven Daggers and Other Stories and Proteus: Or, The Future of Intelligence.
Most of the writing in The Virgin of the Seven Daggers and Other Stories was highly accessible to me, reading in 2025. A few of the stories read a bit like The Count of Monte Cristo: it’s an old book for sure, but it contains pacing and characterization that make it feel like it was written yesterday. Interestingly to me specifically as an artist, each story in the Seven Daggers anthology is usually about an artist or an uncanny art event.
I can’t help but think that John Singer Sargent and all of his ilk and friends co-inspired some of these uncanny stories. The characters don’t seem to be exactly like Sargent, but they are kind of a near miss, something you’d want to do as a writer if you wanted to write about your Rad Art Friends but didn’t want to be too on-the-nose about that funny thing that Henry James said at that one party. The stories aren’t vengeful or snarky towards visual artists, they’re more in awe of art’s power.
Too, they’re fun stories on their own even if they don’t directly reference the art stars of the Victorian age. Since Vernon Lee was writing around the same time as Oscar Wilde, and Wilde and Sargent ended up living across the street from each other at one time, her work inevitably reminded me of The Portrait of Dorian Grey. To be frank, I don’t know which came first in the world, if Dorian Grey hit the shelves before Vernon Lee’s tales, or if it even matters because the times were so concerned with art’s power and the uncanny. I wouldn’t say either was a rip-off of the other - it seems like they are a part of the same conversation, one that took several different turns with several arguments and arguing parties. Sargent wasn’t a consistent fan of Wilde, to put it lightly, but Vernon Lee liked Wilde and gave Sargent some of Wilde’s work to read (like the Mozart, he wasn’t into it). Dorian Grey certainly had a lot to say about appearances and morals or how a person conducts themselves, while Vernon Lee’s short stories in Seven Daggers are more about how art is spooky enough on its own. There’s a couple stories that have high-resolution morals such as “don’t mock the poor or mentally ill” but overall, what I get from the more diffuse stories of Vernon Lee’s Seven Daggers is this: “don’t mess with art unless you’re ready for art to mess with you.”
Vernon Lee doesn’t seem like a person to argue against in any setting - it seems like an easy way to lose. Proteus: The Future of Intelligence is a fascinating essay of hers to read to see how she argues and makes claims. She’s quite a powerful essayist. After reading Proteus, I felt like I had a better sense of the challenges of her times, as well as what she wanted to say. To Lee in Proteus, intelligence isn’t so much the ability to change, as change itself.
When I think about Vernon Lee’s times, they’re among the most interesting in history to me. Because we seem to like to divide centuries in history when years have two zeros, it’s not common to take a class on the period of 1850-1950, or even read a book on it, but it’s a sea change of a hundred years. So many things happen during this timespan that my head spins. Given that Vernon Lee was living in this time, she had the right idea with considering change.
In all, I found myself agreeing with and appreciating most of what Lee says in Proteus. I’m also glad I read this essay after reading Ovid’s The Metamorphoses long ago. One thing that I think of often when I think of The Metamorphoses is … why DO we have so many myths and tales about shapeshifters or transformations? Why DO we have hundreds of pages about Proteus, or about how a person was transformed into a cow or a flower? By the time Ovid was writing The Metamorphoses, way back in, oh I don’t know, 10 BC, we already had so many stories where people change that he was almost all too easily able to write an anthology about them.
To Lee, Ovid, and everyone who told the tale, it’s almost impossible to find the demigod Proteus and it’s even harder to wrestle him into submission, which is the only way he will answer a question. He’s also always right. For Lee in Proteus, it’s not so much a question of “How Intelligent Can You Be.” Instead, it’s “How Much Can You Change?”
I’ve only just scratched the surface of Vernon Lee and I already love it. I love her. I’m glad she was John Singer Sargent’s friend, even though he was a bit frosty about Mozart, who was clearly all the rage. She’s very much that erudite friend who reads or listens to something new and brings it over to your house. Even though she wrote stories about the uncanny, she’s the sun to the Victorian moon - she seems to generously share what is otherwise hidden away.